The "5" Royales

Last updated

The "5" Royales
Origin Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
Genres R&B
Years active1951–1965
Labels Apollo, King, Vee-Jay, ABC-Paramount, Smash, Todd, Home Of The Blues
Past membersLowman "Pete" Pauling
Clarence Pauling
Jimmy Moore
Obadiah Carter
Otto Jeffries
Johnny Tanner
Gene Tanner

The "5" Royales was an American rhythm and blues (R&B) vocal group from Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, that combined gospel, jump blues and doo-wop, marking an early and influential step in the evolution of rock and roll. Most of their big R&B hits were recorded in 1952 and 1953 and written by the guitarist Lowman "Pete" Pauling. [1] Cover versions of the band's songs hit the Top 40, including "Dedicated to the One I Love" (the Shirelles and the Mamas & the Papas), [2] "Tell the Truth" (Ray Charles and Ike & Tina Turner), and "Think" (James Brown & The Famous Flames). Brown modeled his first vocal group after the "5" Royales, and both Eric Clapton and Stax guitarist Steve Cropper cited Pauling as a key influence. The Rolling Stones singer Mick Jagger covered "Think" on his 1993 solo album Wandering Spirit . The "5" Royales were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015. [3]

Contents

History

Originally the Royal Sons Quintet, the group began recording for Apollo Records in the early 1950s, changing its name to the Royals after abandoning gospel for secular music. The group initially included Lowman Pauling and his brother Clarence, as founding members. Clarence Pauling later shortened his name to "Clarence Paul". He left the group to become involved with Motown as a producer. [4] Other members included the vocalists Jimmy Moore, Obadiah Carter, and Otto Jeffries, with Johnny Tanner singing lead. Tanner's younger brother, Eugene, later replaced Jeffries. The robust Johnny Tanner sang lead on most of the group's hits, including "Think," but the sweeter-voiced Eugene Tanner stepped to the microphone for the group's best-known song, "Dedicated to the One I Love." "Baby Don't Do It" and "Help Me Somebody" became hits in 1953, and the group soon signed with King Records. In addition to heartfelt odes like "Dedicated to the One I Love," Pauling also wrote comic and risque tunes, including "Monkey Hips and Rice", later the title of a two-CD anthology of the group's music released by Rhino Records in 1994. Pauling used an extra-long strap for his guitar, sometimes playing it down around his knees for comic effect. The group shared stages with all the major R&B artists of the 1950s, including Sam Cooke and Ray Charles, once substituting for the latter's Raelettes at a show in Durham, North Carolina.

According to the Acoustic Music organization, the "first clear evidence of soul music shows up with The '5' Royales, an ex-gospel group that turned to R&B". [5]

Confusion arose when two groups of Royals began touring, the other led by the Detroit R&B star Hank Ballard. According to members of the "5" Royales, the confusion peaked in 1953 when an unscrupulous promoter booked Ballard's group in Winston-Salem, trying to pass the Detroit band off as the hometown group with the same name, much to the chagrin of a local audience. Shortly thereafter, the air cleared when Winston-Salem's Royals became the "5" Royales and Detroit's Royals became The Midnighters. (The "5" was in scare quotes because there were actually six members at the time. [6] ) Both groups had hits at King working with Rock and Roll Hall of Fame producer Ralph Bass, becoming good friends and routinely competing in battles of the bands at clubs like the Royal Peacock, in the Sweet Auburn section of Atlanta.

With King, "Think" and "Tears of Joy" became hits for the "5" Royales in 1957. Some of their lesser-known tracks from this period are now critically acclaimed as innovative. Rock critic Dave Marsh chose the 1958 "5" Royales hit "The Slummer the Slum" as one of the top 1001 singles of all time in his book The Heart of Rock and Soul, crediting Pauling with capturing the first intentional use of guitar feedback on record, years before better-known squawks from The Beatles, The Yardbirds, and The Velvet Underground. In the 1960s, R&B gradually gave way to more polished soul music and the Royales' career waned rapidly. The band still recorded, including for Memphis label Home Of The Blues - which results were later compiled on the posthumous Catch That Teardrop [7] album - as well as Vee-Jay, ABC-Paramount, Smash Records and the Todd label. [8]

The "5" Royales broke up in 1965, though various combinations of musicians toured under the group's name into the 1970s.[ citation needed ] For a time Pauling continued recording with the pianist and frequent Royales collaborator Royal Abbitt as El Pauling and the Royalton. Pauling's brother, Clarence Paul, a former member of the Royal Sons Quintet, found success as a producer and songwriter at Motown Records in the 1960s.

Post-group

After years of struggle with alcohol dependency,[ citation needed ] Lowman Pauling (né Lowman Pete Pauling, Jr.; 1927–1973) ended up working as a night watchman at a Manhattan church and died of an apparent seizure on December 26, 1973.[ citation needed ] He was buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Winston-Salem, as were his brother Clarence, who lies next to him, and his bandmates Otto Jeffries (1912–1975), who died on August 8, 1975, [9] and Obadiah Carter (né Obadiah Hawthorne Carter; 1925–1994).[ citation needed ] Health problems forced Eugene Tanner (né Eugene Elijah Tanner; 1936–1994) to take disability benefits in the years before his death on December 29, 1994. [10] His brother Johnny Tanner (né John Louis Tanner; 1924–2005) died of cancer on November 8, 2005. [11] Jimmy Moore (aka Johnny; James Edward Moore; 1926–2008), the last surviving member of The "5" Royales, died on August 16, 2008, at the Cedar Manor Nursing Home in Ossining, New York, after a long illness. [12]

Legacy

The "5" Royales were inducted into the North Carolina Music Hall of Fame in 2009. [13] They were nominated unsuccessfully for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2002 and 2004; they were inducted in 2015 in the category Early Influence. [3]

The legacy and influence of the "5" Royales was profiled on National Public Radio's Weekend Edition Sunday on August 14, 2011, in an interview with the guitarist Steve Cropper. [14] Cropper released the album Dedicated: A Salute to the 5 Royales in 2011. [15]

In May 2015, compilation Soul & Swagger: The Complete "5" Royales 1951-1967 [16] won a Blues Music Award in the Historical category. [17] Other posthumous compilations include Monkey Hips and Rice: The "5" Royales Anthology (1994), [18] The Apollo Sessions (1995), [19] It's Hard But It's Fair: King Hits and Rarities (2005) [20] and The Definitive "5" Royales: Home of the Blues & Beyond (2014). [21]

Selected singles discography

Song TitleCatalog #DateNotes
Apollo Records
"You Know I Know"/"Courage to Love"441Sep 1952#8 R&B
"Baby Don't Do It"/"Take All of Me"443Sep 1952#1 R&B, 3 weeks
"Help Me Somebody"/"Crazy, Crazy, Crazy"446Apr 1953#1 R&B, 5 weeks / #5
"Laundromat Blues"/"Too Much Lovin' (Much Too Much)"448Jul 1953/ #4 R&B
"I Want to Thank You"/"All Righty!"450Oct 1953#9 R&B
"I Do"/"Good Things"452Jan 1954#6 R&B / #16 R&B
"Cry Some More"/"I Like It Like That"454Apr 1954#8 R&B / #17 R&B
"What's That"/"Let Me Come Back Home"458Jul 1954
"Six O'Clock in the Morning"/"With All Your Heart"467Jan 1955
King Records
"I'm Gonna Run It Down"/"Behave Yourself"4740Aug. 1954/ #16 R&B
"Monkey Hips and Rice"/"Devil with the Rest"4474Oct. 1954
"One Mistake"/"School Girl"4762Dec. 1954
"Every Dog Has His Day"/"You Didn't Learn It at Home"4770Jan. 1955
"I Need Your Lovin' Baby"/"When I Get Like This"4806Jun 1955
"Women About to Make Me Go Crazy"/"Do unto You"4819Aug. 1955
"Someone Made You for Me"/"I Ain't Getting Caught"4830Oct. 1955
"Right Around the Corner"/"When You Walked in Thru the Door"4869Jan 1956
"My Wants for Love"/"I Could Love You"4901Feb. 1956
"Come On and Save Me"/"Get Something Out of It"4952July 1956
"Just as I Am"/"Mine Forever More"4973Oct. 1956
"Thirty Second Lover"/"Tears of Joy"5032Mar. 1957#9 R&B
"Think"/"I'd Better Make a Move"5053May 19574 R&B; #66 Pop
"Say It"/"Messin' Up"5082Oct. 1957#18 R&B / #15 R&B
"Dedicated to the One I Love"/"Don't Be Ashamed"5098Dec. 1957#13 R&B
"Do the Cha Cha Cherry"/"The Feeling Is Real"5131Apr. 1958
"Tell the Truth"/"Double or Nothing"5141June 1958
"Don't Let It Be Vain"/"The Slummer the Slum"5153Oct. 1958
"The Real Thing"/"Your Only Love"5162Nov 1958
"Miracle of Love"/"I Know It's Hard But It's Fair"5191Mar. 1959/ #18 R&B, #103 Pop
"Tell Me You Care"/"Wonder Where Your Love Has Gone"5237July 1959
"It Hurts Inside"/"My Sugar Sugar"5266Oct. 1959
"I'm with You"/"Don't Give Me No More Than You Can Take"5329Mar. 1960#107 Pop
"I Got to Know"/"Please, Please, Please"Home of the Blues 112Mar. 1960/ #114 Pop
"Why"/"(Something Moves Me) Within My Heart"5327Jun 1960
"Dedicated to the One I Love"/"The Miracle of Love"[ citation needed ]Jan. 1961Re-release, #81 Pop

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Blues Brothers</span> American blues and soul band

The Blues Brothers are an American blues and soul revivalist band founded in 1978 by comedians Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi as part of a musical sketch on Saturday Night Live. Belushi and Aykroyd were lead vocalist 'Joliet' Jake Blues and harmonica player and vocalist Elwood Blues, respectively, donning black suits with matching trilby hats and sunglasses. The band was composed of well-known musicians and debuted as the musical guest in a 1978 episode of Saturday Night Live, opening the show performing "Hey Bartender" and "Soul Man".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilson Pickett</span> American singer (1941–2006)

Wilson Pickett was an American singer and songwriter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Booker T. & the M.G.'s</span> American R&B/funk band

Booker T. & the M.G.'s were an American instrumental R&B/funk band that was influential in shaping the sound of Southern soul and Memphis soul. The original members of the group were Booker T. Jones, Steve Cropper (guitar), Lewie Steinberg (bass), and Al Jackson Jr. (drums). In the 1960s, as members of the Mar-Keys, the rotating slate of musicians that served as the house band of Stax Records, they played on hundreds of recordings by artists including Wilson Pickett, Otis Redding, Bill Withers, Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas, Rufus Thomas, Johnnie Taylor and Albert King. They also released instrumental records under their own name, including the 1962 hit single "Green Onions". As originators of the unique Stax sound, the group was one of the most prolific, respected, and imitated of its era.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sam & Dave</span> American soul and R&B duo

Sam & Dave were an American soul and R&B duo who performed together from 1961 until 1981. The tenor (higher) voice was Sam Moore and the baritone/tenor (lower) voice was Dave Prater (1937–1988).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Percy Sledge</span> American singer (1940–2015)

Percy Tyrone Sledge was an American R&B, soul and gospel singer. He is best known for the song "When a Man Loves a Woman", a No. 1 hit on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B singles charts in 1966. It was awarded a million-selling, Gold-certified disc from the RIAA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steve Cropper</span> American guitarist, songwriter, and record producer

Steven Lee Cropper, sometimes known as "The Colonel", is an American guitarist, songwriter and record producer. He is the guitarist of the Stax Records house band, Booker T. & the M.G.'s, which backed artists such as Otis Redding, Sam & Dave, Carla Thomas, Rufus Thomas and Johnnie Taylor. He also acted as the producer of many of these records. He was later a member of the Blues Brothers band. Rolling Stone magazine ranked him 36th on its list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all time, while he has won two Grammy Awards from his seven nominations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Donald "Duck" Dunn</span> American bass guitarist

Donald "Duck" Dunn was an American bass guitarist, session musician, record producer, and songwriter. Dunn was notable for his 1960s recordings with Booker T. & the M.G.'s and as a session bassist for Stax Records. At Stax, Dunn played on thousands of records, including hits by Otis Redding, Sam & Dave, Rufus Thomas, Carla Thomas, William Bell, Eddie Floyd, Johnnie Taylor, Albert King, Bill Withers, Elvis Presley, and many others. In 1992, he was inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Booker T. & the M.G.'s. In 2017, he was ranked 40th on Bass Player magazine's list of "The 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">In the Midnight Hour</span> 1965 single by Wilson Pickett

"In the Midnight Hour" is a song originally performed by Wilson Pickett in 1965 and released on his 1965 album of the same name, also appearing on the 1966 album The Exciting Wilson Pickett. The song was composed by Pickett and Steve Cropper at the historic Lorraine Motel in Memphis, later the site of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. Pickett's first hit on Atlantic Records, it reached number one on the R&B charts and peaked at number 21 on the pop charts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eddie Floyd</span> American soul-R&B singer and songwriter

Eddie Lee Floyd is an American R&B and soul singer and songwriter, best known for his work on the Stax record label in the 1960s and 1970s, including the No. 1 R&B hit song "Knock on Wood".

<i>Señor Blues</i> (Taj Mahal album) 1997 studio album by Taj Mahal

Señor Blues is a 1997 studio album by the blues musician Taj Mahal. It contains a cover of James Brown's "Think". It won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album at the 40th Grammy Awards.

Clarence Otto Pauling better known and published as Clarence Paul, was an American songwriter, record producer and singer who was best known for his career with Detroit's Motown Records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Bell (singer)</span> American soul singer and songwriter

William Bell is an American soul singer and songwriter. As a performer, he is probably best known for his debut single, 1961's "You Don't Miss Your Water"; 1968's top 10 hit in the UK "Private Number", a duet with Judy Clay; and his only US top 40 hit, 1976's "Tryin' to Love Two", which also hit No. 1 on the R&B chart. Upon the death of Otis Redding, Bell released the well-received memorial song "A Tribute to a King".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Think (The "5" Royales song)</span> 1957 single by The "5" Royales

"Think" is a rhythm and blues song written by Lowman Pauling and originally recorded by his group The "5" Royales. Released as a single on King Records in 1957, it was a national hit and reached number nine on the U.S. R&B chart.

"I'd Rather Go Blind" is a blues song written by Ellington Jordan with co-writing credits to Billy Foster and Etta James. It was first recorded by Etta James in 1967, released the same year, and has subsequently become regarded as a blues and soul classic.

<i>And Now!</i> 1966 studio album by Booker T. & the M.G.s

And Now! is the third studio album by the Southern soul band Booker T. & the M.G.'s, released in November 1966. It is notable as the first M.G.'s album featuring bassist Duck Dunn on every track. “My Sweet Potato” was the only track released as a single, with “Booker-Loo” as its B-side. “Summertime” was released in 1967 as the B-side to the song “Hip Hug-Her”.

<i>Soul Men</i> (album) 1967 studio album by Sam & Dave

Soul Men is an album by the R&B duo Sam & Dave, released in 1967. It reached No. 5 on the Billboard Top R&B LPs chart and No. 62 on the Top LPs chart. The album launched the hit single "Soul Man", which peaked at No. 1 on the R&B Singles chart and No. 2 on the Hot 100 Singles chart. The song won Sam & Dave a Grammy in 1967 for Best R&B Group, Vocal or Instrumental.

<i>The Woodstock Experience</i> 2009 album box set featuring musicians from the 1969 Woodstock Festival

The Woodstock Experience is a box consisting of a set of studio albums and live performances from the 1969 Woodstock Festival by the artists Santana, Janis Joplin, Sly and the Family Stone, Jefferson Airplane, and Johnny Winter. Each set consists of the 1969 studio album by the artist as well as each artist's entire Woodstock performance. The set was released as both a box containing all five artists, and also as individual releases separated by artist, each containing the studio album and live performance of that artist.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Huey</span> American drummer

J. Michael Huey is an American drummer and producer. He has played with a diverse group of artists in genres including Rock/Pop/Country/R&B such as Glenn Frey, Joe Walsh, Juice Newton, Etta James, and Lindsey Buckingham. Huey is also noted for his work on film and television soundtracks as well as numerous world tours with Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Inductees. He has also worked as a record producer for major record labels including MCA and Warner Bros.

Obadiah Hawthorne Carter was an American musician who was a member of the "5" Royales, an R & B group in the 1940s and 1950s.

<i>Monkey Hips and Rice: The "5" Royales Anthology</i> 1994 compilation album by The "5" Royales

Monkey Hips and Rice: The "5" Royales Anthology is a compilation album by the American R&B group the "5" Royales, released in 1994. It collects songs from the group's King and Apollo years. The only two-disc title in Rhino Records' King Master Series, it was released the same year that group members Eugene Tanner and Obadiah Carter died.

References

  1. "Music's Unsung Pioneer: Lowman "Pete" Pauling Helped Give Birth to Rhythm and Blues in U.S." Winston-Salem Journal. December 4, 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
  2. Gilliland, John (1969). "Show 36 – The Rubberization of Soul: The Great Pop Music Renaissance. [Part 2]" (audio). Pop Chronicles . University of North Texas Libraries.
  3. 1 2 "The "5" Royales Biography". Rockhall.com. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  4. Profile of Clarence Pauling; Discogs. Retrieved 2017-09-07. Clarence Pauling was particularly noted as a producer and mentor to Stevie Wonder, as well as producing albums for The Temptations, The Marvelettes and Marvin Gaye.
  5. TIMELINE OF MUSICAL STYLES & GUITAR HISTORY
  6. Unterberger, Richie. "The "5" Royales | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
  7. Mark Deming (March 26, 2007). "Catch That Teardrop - The "5" Royales | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic . Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  8. "The "5" Royales Discography - USA". 45cat.com. Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  9. Rock Obituaries: Knocking On Heaven's Door: "Otto Jeffries," by Nick Talevski, Omnibus Press (2006), p. 308
  10. "1950s Crooner Tanner, Singer for 5 Royals, Dies – Blues singer Eugene Tanner Jr. of Winston-Salem died Thursday," by Linn Thomas, News & Record, December 30, 1994 (retrieved July 10, 2017)
  11. "Death of a Soul Man: R.I.P. Johnny Tanner," by Steve Holtje, The Big Takeover, December 16, 2005 (retrieved July 10, 2017)
  12. " '5' Royales' Journey That Started in Winston-Salem Finishes in Rock and Roll Hall of Fame," by Lisa O'Donnell, Winston-Salem Journal, April 4, 2015
  13. "2009 Inductees". North Carolina Music Hall of Fame. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
  14. Archived August 15, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  15. "Steve Cropper – Dedicated: A Salute to the 5 Royales CD". Cduniverse.com. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  16. Mark Deming. "Soul & Swagger: The Complete "5" Royales 1951-1967 - The "5" Royales | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic . Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  17. "2015 Blues Music Awards Winners". Americanbluesscene.com. Archived from the original on May 19, 2015. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
  18. Stephen Thomas Erlewine. "Monkey Hips and Rice: The "5" Royales Anthology - The "5" Royales | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic . Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  19. Bruce Eder (September 1, 1995). "The Apollo Sessions - The "5" Royales | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic . Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  20. Richie Unterberger (July 12, 2005). "It's Hard But It's Fair: King Hits and Rarities - The "5" Royales | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic . Retrieved July 10, 2017.
  21. Steve Leggett (May 20, 2014). "The Definitive "5" Royales: Home of the Blues & Beyond - The "5" Royales | Songs, Reviews, Credits". AllMusic . Retrieved July 10, 2017.